1.1 Principal Components 主要構(gòu)成零部件
Today's average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can grouped into four major categories: engine, body, chassis and electrical equipment. 現(xiàn)在，一般汽車由大約一萬五千多個(gè)獨(dú)立的零部件組成。這些部件分為四大類，即發(fā)動機(jī)（引擎系統(tǒng)），車身，底盤和電氣設(shè)備。
1.2 Engine 發(fā)動機(jī)/引擎系統(tǒng)
The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains its power by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder. There are two types of engine :gasoline(also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel(also called a compression-ignition engine).Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power to rotate a shaft connected to the transmission.
引擎的作用是動力產(chǎn)生的部件。內(nèi)燃機(jī)引擎最為常見。引擎通過燃燒其汽缸內(nèi)的液體汽油來獲得能量（將汽油的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為動能來驅(qū)動汽車）。引擎分為汽油（火花引燃式）發(fā)動機(jī)和柴油（壓燃式）發(fā)動機(jī)。 這兩類發(fā)動機(jī)都被稱為熱力機(jī)。燃燒的汽油產(chǎn)生熱量，促使汽缸內(nèi)的氣體氣壓增強(qiáng)，從而提供能量以旋轉(zhuǎn)（啟動）傳輸軸。
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