小型多功能液壓挖掘機設(shè)計
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- 小型多功能液壓挖掘機設(shè)計Abstract
With the development of the society and economy in China, many fundamental engineering projects need to be completed by the excavators. The hydraulic excavator is one of the most important construction machineries. The hydraulic excavator includes the higher technical specification, and it is very difficult to design them. But the development of the small scaled hydraulic excavator with no tail in our country just start, and the technique has been got behind with the abroad far and far. In this design, the series of CASE and Kubota are followed.
Main contents contained in the article are following:
1. The mathematical model of the main working equip has been established.
2. According to working condition, the correlated mechanics model of the main working equip has been established.
3. Offering the schedule of the hydraulic excavator and the main parameters’ calculation.
4. Mechanics analyzing and the fulcrums and important components of the main working equip.
5. The mathematical model and structural model of chassis motion train has been established.
6. Checking and calculating the strength of the correlated components of the chassis motion train with traditional method.
7. Analyzing and researching the stability of the total machine, and checking the condition which may will stability.
Keywords: Hydraulic excavator , work equipment, chassis motion train, earth-moving shovel,dig equipment.
目錄
1 緒論 1
1.1本課題的目的和意義 1
1.2國內(nèi)外小型挖掘機的發(fā)展情況 1
1.2.1國內(nèi)小型挖掘機的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 1
1.2.2國外挖掘機目前水平及發(fā)展動向 2
1.3本設(shè)計研究的主要內(nèi)容 4
1.4本課題的技術(shù)難點及主要手段 4
2 總體方案構(gòu)思 6
2.1基本原理及主要工藝 6
2.2主要構(gòu)思方案 6
2.3本方案特點 7
3 動力系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計 8
3.1 牽引力和牽引功率的平衡 8
3.1.1機械行駛作業(yè)過程中的阻力 8
3.1.2牽引工況時的牽引力平衡和牽引功率平衡 9
3.1.3運輸工況時的牽引力和牽引功率的平衡 10
3.2發(fā)動機的選型 11
3.2.1 單斗液壓挖掘機對柴油機的基本要求 11
3.2.2 發(fā)動機功率的確定 12
4 工作裝置的設(shè)計 15
4.1 工作裝置總體方案的選擇 15
4.1.1 工作裝置的總體結(jié)構(gòu) 15
4.1.2動臂和斗桿結(jié)構(gòu)形式的選取 16
4.2工作裝置結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的確定 17
4.2.1鏟斗參數(shù)的選擇 17
4.2.2動臂和斗桿尺寸的確定 18
4.3液壓缸的設(shè)計 20
4.3.1系統(tǒng)工作壓力的選取 20
4.3.2 液壓缸工作行程的確定 21
4.4 設(shè)計的合理性分析 22
4.4.1作業(yè)尺寸的校核 22
4.4.2 挖掘力的計算 22
4.4.3 主工作裝置的強度校核 24
5 行走裝置的設(shè)計 33
5.1 行走裝置的選型 33
5.2 行走裝置的設(shè)計 34
5.2.1履帶的設(shè)計 34
5.2.2驅(qū)動輪的設(shè)計 38
5.2.3支重輪的設(shè)計 41
5.2.4托輪的設(shè)計 44
5.2.5導(dǎo)向輪及張緊裝置的設(shè)計 45
5.2.6行走減速機、臺車架、底架的設(shè)計 48
6 回轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)的設(shè)計 49
6.1回轉(zhuǎn)支撐裝置類型的選擇 49
6.2回轉(zhuǎn)滾盤的計算與選型 50
6.2.1計算回轉(zhuǎn)支撐裝置的最大靜態(tài)載荷 50
6.2.2確定靜態(tài)安全系數(shù) 51
6.2.3選擇滾盤型號和校核 51
6.3回轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)傳動方式的選擇 53
7 推土鏟的設(shè)計 54
7.1推土鏟結(jié)構(gòu)方案的選擇 54
7.2推土鏟結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的確定 54
7.2.1推土鏟的寬度和高度 54
7.2.2曲面板的形狀及參數(shù) 55
7.2.3 切削刃的結(jié)構(gòu)和參數(shù) 57
7.2.4 頂推架的結(jié)構(gòu) 57
7.2.5 推土鏟液壓缸的選取與鉸點位置的確定 57
8 整機穩(wěn)定性 60
8.1挖掘機的穩(wěn)定性 60
8.2作業(yè)穩(wěn)定性 61
9 使用與維護說明 63
9.1液壓挖掘機操作環(huán)境與使用條件 63
9.2液壓挖掘機使用要求及說明 63
9.3液壓挖掘機日常的維護與說明 63
9.4液壓挖掘機的操作規(guī)程 64
9.4.1作業(yè)前的技術(shù)準備 64
9.4.2作業(yè)與行駛中的技術(shù)要求 64
9.4.3作業(yè)后的技術(shù)工作 65
9.5液壓挖掘機行走操作及注意事項 65
9.5.1液壓挖掘機行走操作及注意事項如下 65
10 結(jié)論 67
參考文獻 68
附錄:圖紙清單及編號 69
致謝 70
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